Article Search:

Transcriptional Factors And Regulators

All the cellular processes in living cells such as growth, development, morphogenesis and cellular differentiation are a product of gene expression programs involving complicated transcription regulation of several genes. This process of transcription regulation is tightly controlled and coordinated by proteins called transcription regulators. These transcription regulators and factors are DNA-binding proteins that bind to the promoter or enhancer sequences on the DNA and facilitate either transcription repression or activation.

There are three principal types of transcription factors. These include basal transcription factors, upstream transcription factors and inducible transcription factors. The basic structure of every transcription factor mainly contains a DNA-binding domain and an activator domain. DNA-binding motifs found in transcription factors include zinc-finger, helix-loop-helix, helix-turn-helix, leucine zipper and high-mobility groups, based on which transcription factors are classified. The activator domain of these transcription factors interacts with components of transcription machinery such as RNA polymerases and associated transcription regulators.

Regulation of transcription factors is a complex mechanism that ensures exact spatio-temporal expression of genes. In response to a specific cellular stimulus, these trans-regulatory factors are activated in a sequential manner. Upon activation, these factors recruit transcription co-regulators such as histones that function as co-activators or co- repressors and aid in modifying chromatin structure. Altered activation of these regulators is often associated with various pathologies such as chronic disorders and malignancies. Recent studies are concentrating on developing improved disease treatment strategies through identification of different transcription factor-binding patterns and blocking them.

There are several families of trans-regulatory factors that control critical cellular signaling cascades involved in cell proliferation, survival, lineage development and cellular differentiation. These include Rel/NF-kB family, AP-1 family, STAT family of transcription factors, homeodomain proteins, DNA-binding proteins, POU transcription factors, nuclear hormone receptor family, p53 family and E2F family.

Article Source: Free Content Articles Directory

IMGENEX India Pvt Ltd. is the only biotech company in Orissa and one of the kind in Eastern India. IMGENEX India started in October 2007 as an outsourcing branch of IMGENEX Corporation, San Diego, USA. Follow the link to find out more about the transcription factors.

Please Rate this Article

Not yet Rated

Click the XML Icon Above to Receive Medicine Articles Via RSS!

Additional Articles From - Home | Health & Fitness | Medicine

Generic Zithromax Antibiotic Meds-00-71 - By : Rich Stevens
Generic Flagyl Metronidazole Antibiotic Meds-00-40 - By : Rich Stevens
Cialis Tadalafil Meds for Erectile Dysfunction-00-8 - By : Rich Stevens
Levitra Meds for Erectile Dysfunction-00-9 - By : Rich Stevens
Viagra Meds for Erectile Dysfunction-00-11 - By : Rich Stevens
Contacts- Buying Online Is Safe and Convinient - By : CJ Folkes
What is Concierge Medicine? - By : Steven Schnur
What is Executive Medicine? - By : Steven Schnur
Anal Fissure - By : David Done
Hemorrhoid Removal Clinics - By : David Done

Miscellaneous:

	Print This Article
	Post Comment
	Add To Favorites
	Email to Friends
	Ezine Ready

Writers:

New Articles:

Ezine Notifications
Article RSS Feeds

Statistics: